Peptide Comparison

Compare peptides side-by-side.

Pick up to four peptides and compare mechanism, evidence grade, pharmacokinetics, administration and risk profile in a single view.

Selection · 3 / 4

Save & share

Save a set to reload it later on this device, or copy a share link to send the exact comparison to someone else.

Export comparison

Download the full side-by-side table as a landscape PDF for reading, or a CSV for spreadsheets and further analysis.

AI comparison summary

Biggest differences across Pinealon · Dihexa · Retatrutide

Focused on evidence grade, pharmacokinetics, and risks/interactions — with inline citations to the primary references on each peptide page.

Click Generate summary to have AI highlight the biggest differences between the peptides you've selected.

Pinealon

Grade CCognitive

Overview

Evidence grade: Grade C
Category: Cognitive
Primary focus: Cognitive resilience (research)
Summary: Russian preclinical studies report neuroprotective and anti-aging effects on cognition. Independent replication and Western clinical trials are absent.

Mechanism

Mechanism of action: Tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Arg) developed within the Russian bioregulator framework. Hypothesized to cross the blood–brain barrier and modulate neuronal gene expression, antioxidant defenses, and apoptosis.
Evidence explainer: Grade C — mechanistic hypothesis and animal or in-vitro data only. No controlled human trials. Treat as experimental; risks are not fully known.

Pharmacokinetics

Route: Intranasal or subcutaneous
Half-life: Short, hours
PK notes: Pinealon is administered intranasal or subcutaneous with an approximate systemic half-life of Short, hours. Steady-state and tissue-level effects can outlast plasma concentration, which is why dosing frequency (Daily) is designed to match receptor kinetics rather than plasma exposure. Tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Arg) developed within the Russian bioregulator framework. Hypothesized to cross the blood–brain barrier and modulate neuronal gene expression, antioxidant defenses, and apoptosis.

Administration

Typical dose: 1–10 mg
Frequency: Daily
Cycle length: 10–20 day cycles, 1–2× per year
Timing: Morning
Protocol steps: Route: Intranasal or subcutaneous. Typical starting dose 1–10 mg, Daily.
Timing: Morning — keep it the same each dosing day to make effects legible.
Cycle length: 10–20 day cycles, 1–2× per year. Reassess with bloods and symptom logs before repeating.
Rotate sites across the abdomen (avoiding a 2 cm radius around the navel), outer thighs and flanks. Never inject through a bruise or mole.

Benefits

Reported benefits: Reported neuroprotection in rodent ischemia models
Reduced oxidative stress markers
Subjective cognitive and sleep improvements (anecdotal)
Common stacks: Epithalon, Magnesium glycinate

Risks

Side effects: Largely unknown long-term
Injection site or nasal irritation
Contraindications: Active malignancy
Pregnancy
Interactions: Other bioregulator peptides — Often stacked; interactions not characterized.
Legal status: Research chemical; not approved for human therapeutic use.

Dihexa

Grade CCognitive

Overview

Evidence grade: Grade C
Category: Cognitive
Primary focus: Cognitive plasticity (preclinical)
Summary: Animal studies show dramatic effects on spatial memory and synaptic density. No controlled human data exists; safety profile in humans is unknown.

Mechanism

Mechanism of action: Hexapeptide derivative of angiotensin IV. Reported to potentiate hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met signaling, promoting synaptogenesis and dendritic spine formation in preclinical models.
Evidence explainer: Grade C — mechanistic hypothesis and animal or in-vitro data only. No controlled human trials. Treat as experimental; risks are not fully known.

Pharmacokinetics

Route: Oral or transdermal (research)
Half-life: Estimated short (oral bioavailability reported)
PK notes: Dihexa is administered oral or transdermal (research) with an approximate systemic half-life of Estimated short (oral bioavailability reported). Steady-state and tissue-level effects can outlast plasma concentration, which is why dosing frequency (Daily) is designed to match receptor kinetics rather than plasma exposure. Hexapeptide derivative of angiotensin IV. Reported to potentiate hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met signaling, promoting synaptogenesis and dendritic spine formation in preclinical models.

Administration

Typical dose: 8–45 mg (anecdotal)
Frequency: Daily
Cycle length: Short cycles only
Timing: Morning
Protocol steps: Route: Oral or transdermal (research). Typical starting dose 8–45 mg (anecdotal), Daily.
Timing: Morning — keep it the same each dosing day to make effects legible.
Cycle length: Short cycles only. Reassess with bloods and symptom logs before repeating.

Benefits

Reported benefits: Synaptogenesis in rodent hippocampus
Reversal of scopolamine-induced cognitive deficits (rodents)
Reported subjective cognitive enhancement (anecdotal)
Common stacks: Omega-3 EPA/DHA, Lion's Mane

Risks

Side effects: Unknown long-term human safety
Theoretical proliferative risk via HGF/c-Met
Contraindications: Active or prior malignancy
Pregnancy
Family cancer history
Interactions: Tyrosine kinase modulators — Mechanistic overlap with c-Met signaling.
Legal status: Research chemical. Not approved for human use. Significant unknown oncologic risk.

Retatrutide

Grade AMetabolic

Overview

Evidence grade: Grade A
Category: Metabolic
Primary focus: Triple GIP/GLP-1/glucagon agonist
Summary: Phase II trial results showed ~24% mean weight loss at 48 weeks at the 12 mg dose — markedly exceeding tirzepatide and prior GLP-1 monotherapies. Currently in Phase III; not yet FDA-approved but expected to be a landmark obesity and metabolic therapy.

Mechanism

Mechanism of action: First-in-class triple agonist of GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptors. The GLP-1 and GIP arms drive glucose-dependent insulin secretion and satiety; the glucagon arm increases energy expenditure — producing the largest weight-loss effect of any incretin to date.
Evidence explainer: Grade A — supported by multiple randomised human trials or an approved regulatory indication. Mechanism, dosing and safety are well characterised in humans.

Pharmacokinetics

Route: Subcutaneous injection
Half-life: ~6 days (supports once-weekly dosing)
PK notes: Retatrutide is administered subcutaneous injection with an approximate systemic half-life of ~6 days (supports once-weekly dosing). Steady-state and tissue-level effects can outlast plasma concentration, which is why dosing frequency (Once weekly) is designed to match receptor kinetics rather than plasma exposure. First-in-class triple agonist of GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptors. The GLP-1 and GIP arms drive glucose-dependent insulin secretion and satiety; the glucagon arm increases energy expenditure — producing the largest weight-loss effect of any incretin to date.

Administration

Typical dose: Titrated 2 mg → 4 mg → 8 mg → 12 mg
Frequency: Once weekly
Cycle length: Ongoing; weight regain occurs on cessation
Timing: Same day each week; any time of day
Protocol steps: Route: Subcutaneous injection. Typical starting dose Titrated 2 mg → 4 mg → 8 mg → 12 mg, Once weekly.
Timing: Same day each week; any time of day — keep it the same each dosing day to make effects legible.
Cycle length: Ongoing; weight regain occurs on cessation. Reassess with bloods and symptom logs before repeating.
Rotate sites across the abdomen (avoiding a 2 cm radius around the navel), outer thighs and flanks. Never inject through a bruise or mole.

Benefits

Reported benefits: ~24% mean weight loss at 48 weeks (Phase II)
Marked improvements in HbA1c, blood pressure, ApoB and liver fat
Convenient once-weekly dosing
Likely best-in-class cardiometabolic profile
Common stacks: Creatine monohydrate, Whey protein, Vitamin D3 + K2

Risks

Side effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (especially during titration)
Injection site reactions
Reduced appetite to the point of inadequate protein intake — pair with resistance training and protein targeting
Theoretical pancreatitis and gallbladder risk (class effect)
Contraindications: Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 2
Pregnancy and lactation
Prior severe reaction to GLP-1 agonists
Interactions: Insulin and sulfonylureas — Risk of hypoglycemia — dose reduction usually required.
Oral medications — Delayed gastric emptying may alter absorption; separate timing for narrow-therapeutic-index drugs.
Legal status: Investigational; not yet FDA-approved. Currently available only via clinical trials.

Attribute	Pinealon Grade CCognitive	Dihexa Grade CCognitive	Retatrutide Grade AMetabolic
Overview
Evidence grade	Grade C	Grade C	Grade A
Category	Cognitive	Cognitive	Metabolic
Primary focus	Cognitive resilience (research)	Cognitive plasticity (preclinical)	Triple GIP/GLP-1/glucagon agonist
Summary	Russian preclinical studies report neuroprotective and anti-aging effects on cognition. Independent replication and Western clinical trials are absent.	Animal studies show dramatic effects on spatial memory and synaptic density. No controlled human data exists; safety profile in humans is unknown.	Phase II trial results showed ~24% mean weight loss at 48 weeks at the 12 mg dose — markedly exceeding tirzepatide and prior GLP-1 monotherapies. Currently in Phase III; not yet FDA-approved but expected to be a landmark obesity and metabolic therapy.
Mechanism
Mechanism of action	Tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Arg) developed within the Russian bioregulator framework. Hypothesized to cross the blood–brain barrier and modulate neuronal gene expression, antioxidant defenses, and apoptosis.	Hexapeptide derivative of angiotensin IV. Reported to potentiate hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met signaling, promoting synaptogenesis and dendritic spine formation in preclinical models.	First-in-class triple agonist of GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptors. The GLP-1 and GIP arms drive glucose-dependent insulin secretion and satiety; the glucagon arm increases energy expenditure — producing the largest weight-loss effect of any incretin to date.
Evidence explainer	Grade C — mechanistic hypothesis and animal or in-vitro data only. No controlled human trials. Treat as experimental; risks are not fully known.	Grade C — mechanistic hypothesis and animal or in-vitro data only. No controlled human trials. Treat as experimental; risks are not fully known.	Grade A — supported by multiple randomised human trials or an approved regulatory indication. Mechanism, dosing and safety are well characterised in humans.
Pharmacokinetics
Route	Intranasal or subcutaneous	Oral or transdermal (research)	Subcutaneous injection
Half-life	Short, hours	Estimated short (oral bioavailability reported)	~6 days (supports once-weekly dosing)
PK notes	Pinealon is administered intranasal or subcutaneous with an approximate systemic half-life of Short, hours. Steady-state and tissue-level effects can outlast plasma concentration, which is why dosing frequency (Daily) is designed to match receptor kinetics rather than plasma exposure. Tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Arg) developed within the Russian bioregulator framework. Hypothesized to cross the blood–brain barrier and modulate neuronal gene expression, antioxidant defenses, and apoptosis.	Dihexa is administered oral or transdermal (research) with an approximate systemic half-life of Estimated short (oral bioavailability reported). Steady-state and tissue-level effects can outlast plasma concentration, which is why dosing frequency (Daily) is designed to match receptor kinetics rather than plasma exposure. Hexapeptide derivative of angiotensin IV. Reported to potentiate hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met signaling, promoting synaptogenesis and dendritic spine formation in preclinical models.	Retatrutide is administered subcutaneous injection with an approximate systemic half-life of ~6 days (supports once-weekly dosing). Steady-state and tissue-level effects can outlast plasma concentration, which is why dosing frequency (Once weekly) is designed to match receptor kinetics rather than plasma exposure. First-in-class triple agonist of GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptors. The GLP-1 and GIP arms drive glucose-dependent insulin secretion and satiety; the glucagon arm increases energy expenditure — producing the largest weight-loss effect of any incretin to date.
Administration
Typical dose	1–10 mg	8–45 mg (anecdotal)	Titrated 2 mg → 4 mg → 8 mg → 12 mg
Frequency	Daily	Daily	Once weekly
Cycle length	10–20 day cycles, 1–2× per year	Short cycles only	Ongoing; weight regain occurs on cessation
Timing	Morning	Morning	Same day each week; any time of day
Protocol steps	Route: Intranasal or subcutaneous. Typical starting dose 1–10 mg, Daily. Timing: Morning — keep it the same each dosing day to make effects legible. Cycle length: 10–20 day cycles, 1–2× per year. Reassess with bloods and symptom logs before repeating. Rotate sites across the abdomen (avoiding a 2 cm radius around the navel), outer thighs and flanks. Never inject through a bruise or mole.	Route: Oral or transdermal (research). Typical starting dose 8–45 mg (anecdotal), Daily. Timing: Morning — keep it the same each dosing day to make effects legible. Cycle length: Short cycles only. Reassess with bloods and symptom logs before repeating.	Route: Subcutaneous injection. Typical starting dose Titrated 2 mg → 4 mg → 8 mg → 12 mg, Once weekly. Timing: Same day each week; any time of day — keep it the same each dosing day to make effects legible. Cycle length: Ongoing; weight regain occurs on cessation. Reassess with bloods and symptom logs before repeating. Rotate sites across the abdomen (avoiding a 2 cm radius around the navel), outer thighs and flanks. Never inject through a bruise or mole.
Benefits
Reported benefits	Reported neuroprotection in rodent ischemia models Reduced oxidative stress markers Subjective cognitive and sleep improvements (anecdotal)	Synaptogenesis in rodent hippocampus Reversal of scopolamine-induced cognitive deficits (rodents) Reported subjective cognitive enhancement (anecdotal)	~24% mean weight loss at 48 weeks (Phase II) Marked improvements in HbA1c, blood pressure, ApoB and liver fat Convenient once-weekly dosing Likely best-in-class cardiometabolic profile
Common stacks	Epithalon, Magnesium glycinate	Omega-3 EPA/DHA, Lion's Mane	Creatine monohydrate, Whey protein, Vitamin D3 + K2
Risks
Side effects	Largely unknown long-term Injection site or nasal irritation	Unknown long-term human safety Theoretical proliferative risk via HGF/c-Met	Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (especially during titration) Injection site reactions Reduced appetite to the point of inadequate protein intake — pair with resistance training and protein targeting Theoretical pancreatitis and gallbladder risk (class effect)
Contraindications	Active malignancy Pregnancy	Active or prior malignancy Pregnancy Family cancer history	Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 2 Pregnancy and lactation Prior severe reaction to GLP-1 agonists
Interactions	Other bioregulator peptides — Often stacked; interactions not characterized.	Tyrosine kinase modulators — Mechanistic overlap with c-Met signaling.	Insulin and sulfonylureas — Risk of hypoglycemia — dose reduction usually required. Oral medications — Delayed gastric emptying may alter absorption; separate timing for narrow-therapeutic-index drugs.
Legal status	Research chemical; not approved for human therapeutic use.	Research chemical. Not approved for human use. Significant unknown oncologic risk.	Investigational; not yet FDA-approved. Currently available only via clinical trials.

← Back to all peptides